WORLD OF JOI

IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS

Amino Acids: These acids are the building blocks of life. Amino acids are the smallest units that join together to make a protein. The body produces amino acids, but not all of them. Several amino acids can only be found in food

BMR(Basal Metabolic Rate): BMR represents the minimum amount of energy your body needs to keep your body functioning properly (i.e., the amount of calories burned when your body is at rest). When you exercise, your BMR increases because fat is being burned.

Blood Pressure: The pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels. During a heart contraction, this pressure is called systolic pressure; during relaxation, this pressure is called diastolic pressure

Body Fat Percentage: The percentage of fat your body holds. For example, a person weighing 200 pounds and having 15% body fat percentage will have 30 pounds of fat and 170 pounds of lean body mass. However, only a certain amount fat is good for the body. Fat helps regulate body temperature, insulates organs and tissues, and stores energy.

BMI(Body Mass Index): An assessment of your weight relative to your height. BMI calculations of 18.5 or below are considered underweight; 18.5-24.9 indicate normal weight; 25-29.9 is considered overweight; and 30 or above is considered obese. The BMI does not count your body composition which is the percentage of muscle verses fat.

Calorie: Are fuel the body needs to perform functions. There are three different types of energies that fuel the body: proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Carbohydrate: A carbohydrate is a fuel. There are two different types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are sugars the body quickly turns into glucose. Glucose is immediate fuel for the muscles. Complex carbohydrates take longer to break down and provide energy for a longer period of time.

Cholesterol: A fat produced by the body when one eats fatty foods such as eggs or pork. Cholesterol can clog arteries and can lead to a stroke or a heart attack Cholesterol is a type of fat found in your body. Your total cholesterol is made up of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol.

Fat: A fatty acid and source of energy. Fat helps insulate internal organs and helps the body absorb vitamins.

Fiber: The indigestible portion of plant foods that cannot be digested by the body. Fiber helps eliminate waste from our bodies more quickly. Foods that are great resources of fiber are: fruits, vegetables, beans, peas, nuts, seeds, breads, and cereals.

Fructose: Sugar found in fruits

Glycogen: Blood sugar stored in your muscles and organs. Glycogen helps with muscle contractions.

HDL: A high-density lipoprotein. This is “good” Cholesterol because it helps remove the LDL (Bad) Cholesterol from arteries.  Exercising can raise HDL levels within the body.

Hyperglycemia: The human body’s decreased ability to produce insulin used to remove glucose from the blood. People with diabetes are hyperglycemic

Ketosis: When the body begins to burns fatty acids instead of glycogen. This process usually happens when there are not enough carbohydrates in the diet. Ketosis can lead to dehydration.

Lactose: Sugar found in milk products.

LDL: Stands for low-density lipoprotein. The lack of exercise can produce LDL. LDL is called “Bad” Cholesterol because it can build up in the wall of arteries. This narrowing can slow or block blood flow and increase your risk of heart disease. High LDL (Bad) Cholesterol is a major cause of heart disease.

Metabolism: A set of chemical reactions happening in living organisms that sustain life. The process of transferring our energy sources (food) into a form the body can use.

Mineral: A naturally-occurring solid chemical substance such as iron, calcium, potassium, and sodium that the body needs in order to stay healthy and strong. Minerals are also called nutrients.

Muscle: A tissue that has many fibers organized in bundles to contract, enabling body movement

Nutrient: Chemical substances found in food that are good for your body, including vitamins, water, fat, proteins, minerals, or carbohydrates.

Nutrition: The fuel or food that cells and organisms need to support life.

Proteins: Biochemical compounds composed of amino acids. Proteins supply calories to the body and aid muscle growth. Proteins are necessary to sustain life

Saturated Fats: Saturated fats occur naturally in many foods. The majority we eat come mainly from animal sources, meat and dairy (milk fat) such as fatty beef, lamb, pork, poultry with skin, beef fat (tallow), lard and cream, butter, cheese, and other dairy products made from whole or reduced-fat (2%) milk. These foods also contain cholesterol. Many baked goods and fried foods can also contain high levels of saturated fats. Some plant foods, such as palm oil, palm kernel oil, and coconut oil, also contain primarily saturated fats, but do not contain cholesterol.

Supplement:  A nutritional pill, powder, or liquid taken internally to help to gain optimal performance

Triglycerides: are another type of fat found in your blood. High levels of triglycerides are also unhealthy.

Unsaturated fat:Fats derived from plants which are considered “good” fats.

Vitamin: An organic substance necessary for good human health. It is important to consume vitamin-rich foods because your body doesn’t produce a sufficient amount of vitamins on its own. Vitamins are found in fruits, vegetables, grains, meats, nuts, and dairy products.